Tcrt5000 - How it works
This board utilizes TCRT5000 infrared reflective sensor by Vishay and * to detect color and objects. This board also includes additional features to make it easier to use. It adds a LM393 Voltage comparator* by Texas Instruments and a potentiometer to adjust its sensitivity.

TCRT5000 on board

LM393 on board

Potentiometer on board
Datasheet
For an in-depth look at tehnical specifications, refer to the official TCRT5000 and LM393 Datasheets:
TCRT5000 Datasheet
Detailed technical documentation for the TCRT5000 infrared sensor
LM393 Datasheet
Detailed technical documentation for the MCP4018 Voltage comparator
How the sensor works
The sensor itself works by transmitting infrared light from the LED and registering any reflected light on its photoresistor, this alters the flow of current between its emiter and collctor according to the level of light it receives.

How the sensor works